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中商情報網訊：2025年，光通(tong)信技術(shu)站在(zai)新一輪技術(shu)革命(ming)的(de)風口浪尖，AI的(de)快速普及(ji)與(yu)光網絡(luo)的(de)深度融(rong)合，正(zheng)在(zai)重塑通(tong)信行業的(de)未(wei)來格(ge)局。隨(sui)著AI大模型、生成式AI和(he)邊(bian)緣(yuan)計(ji)算的(de)爆發(fa)式增長，光網絡(luo)作為數據傳輸的(de)核心基礎設施(shi)，正(zheng)面臨前所未(wei)有的(de)機遇與(yu)挑戰。

一、光通信定義

光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)是一(yi)種(zhong)利用(yong)光(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)來傳(chuan)輸(shu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)方(fang)式(shi)，它(ta)以光(guang)作為載體(ti)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)過對光(guang)的(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)特(te)性進行(xing)調(diao)制來加載信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)，并在(zai)傳(chuan)輸(shu)介(jie)質中(zhong)傳(chuan)輸(shu)這些攜帶信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)光(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)，在(zai)接收端再將光(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)轉換為電信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)或其(qi)他(ta)形式(shi)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)，從而(er)實現信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)遞。光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)根(gen)據(ju)傳(chuan)輸(shu)介(jie)質可(ke)分為光(guang)纖通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和(he)自(zi)由空間光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，根(gen)據(ju)調(diao)制方(fang)式(shi)有(you)強度調(diao)制/直(zhi)接檢測和(he)相干光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)等類型，而(er)按(an)應用(yong)場(chang)景(jing)又可(ke)分為長途干線光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、接入網光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和(he)數據(ju)中(zhong)心光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)等，不同的(de)(de)分類在(zai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技術特(te)點和(he)適(shi)用(yong)場(chang)景(jing)上各(ge)有(you)不同，共(gong)同構成了現代光(guang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技術的(de)(de)豐富體(ti)系，廣泛應用(yong)于各(ge)個領(ling)域，推(tui)動著(zhu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技術的(de)(de)不斷發展。

資料來源：中商產業研究院整理